Essay --

The Differences Sunni and Shia IdeologyThesis The Sunni and Shia ideology in terms of the concept of imamate, their believe on al-Quran and Hadith and the successor of the leadership after the death of the prophet Muhammadi.Sunni and Shia ideology in terms of the concept imamate.A.The appointment of shall be the duty of human priest or God?1.Sunnia)They stated that the selection of imam is the responsibility among Muslim and it is not duty of God.b)The Sunni say believe in imams excluding priests rule of faith.c)The importance of salat (prayer) than Imamate by Sunni.2.Shiaa)They stated that the appointment of the imam is the duty and responsibility of Godb)Of the fabricated views and beliefs of the shia is that they hold their imams something of divine origin, much higher up the human beings, and even above Prophets and Messenger. (Tarjman Al-Hadith, The Shiites And The Sunna, Idara Tarjuman Al-Sunnah, 1984, p.90)c)The Shia say, believe in twelve imams, including the pillars of fa ith. (www.wiki.answers.com.)d)The importance of Imamate in Shia is more importance of salat (prayer).ii.Sunni and Shia ideology in terms of al-Quran and Hadith.A.Al-Quran and Hadith1.Sunnia)Sunni agreed on the truth of the al-Quran and protected from any deviation.b)Sunni Muslims accept this Hadith as Sahih (authentic). The Hadith of al-Quran and Sunnah is used by the Sunnis to stress importance of following the Sunnah. (Yaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani, Islamic Beliefs & Doctorine According to Ahl al-Sunna, As-Sunna debut of America, 1996, p.242)c)Accept all the hadith narrated by Bukhari and Muslims and other hadith books.2.Shiaa)They had argument on the truth of the al-Quran and accused that al-Quran have devia... ...ussion concluded whereas faith practiced by the Shia obviously been in conflict with the faith that underpinned by Sunni. It is not only against the consensus of the scholars, even worse, it has been inverting the texts that have been handed down by God as understan d by the majority of scholars to mankind. Based on this differences, there is no way to achieve unity and strengthen them to adopt beliefs or withholding resources unless one of the parties to pull their positions and recognized source of resources. Although there is a meeting point between the two parties, but much dispute on the ground that creates a bed cover in the far east and far west. In the case, there is no better shield strong in facing the challenges of this movement effectively unless Muslims should consequence adheres to the belief that authentic knowledge legacy of the Prophet and his companions R.A.

Expectations and Education :: Learning Education Essays

Expectations and EducationOne of the most sought-after goals in the realism of marketing is a high degree of consumer satisfaction. But in the world of education, satisfaction by itself should not be the criterion for success. If both satisfaction and operation are high, we have cause for celebration. If satisfaction is high and performance is low, as is currently the case in the United States, we have cause for serious alarm. harmonize to Stevenson and Stigler in The Learning Gap, American parents whose children generally score below Asian children on tests of academic achievement, gave the most positive evaluations when asked about their childrens schools and how their children were performing. If the children are doing well, much(prenominal) high trains of satisfaction would be justified. But maintaining high levels of satisfaction with poor performance creates a huge obstacle to the improvement of education. Before you can lap a problem, you have to admit that you have a pro blem. Why should children study hard if their parents already express high levels of satisfaction? Why should schools pursue crystalize with enthusiasm and resolve when they already meet generally high levels of public approval? Americans want a good life for their children. They want their children to be beaming and well adjusted. But Americans have not realized that access to the good life and happiness in the future will be blocked if we give off to prepare our children for the competition they will face in an ever more competitive world. As Americans, we have historically had a high opinion of ourselves. In only a few centuries we have opened up a continent, established an effective political and economic system, and brought the nation to prosperity. Americans have been thought of as courageous, industrious, and creative. Early in the American history, people believed they could achieve almost anything with enough effort. Nevertheless, many Americans assume that positive self -esteem is a necessary precursor of competency and place a higher priority on life adjustment and the enhancement of self-esteem than on academic learning. They forget that one of the most definitive sources of childrens self-esteem is realizing that they have mastered a challenging task. We have gradually come to emphasize the limits of what can be accomplished imposed by natural differences among individuals. There are individual differences among human beings in whatever characteristics are measured. But this variability should not be interpreted to mean that the general level of accomplishment cannot be raised.

Othello - Compared To Twelfth Night :: essays research papers

& axerophtholquotShe loved me for the dangers I had passd, and I loved her that she did pity them&quot (Othello, I.iii 166-167). William Shakespeares tragedy &quotOthello,&quot is pervaded by a dominant theme, one of love. Othello, the Moor of Venice falls madly in love with a woman named Desdemona. They marry and are very elated together. Othello and Desdemona face many trials during the course of their nine-month marriage. The most notable one occurs when Barbanzio, Desdemonas father accuses Othello of getting his daughter with witchcraft. During a court hearing, Desdemona confesses her love for Othello and Barbanzio is forced to permit her go. &quotI am hitherto your daughter but heres my husband, and so much duty as my mother showd to you, preferring you before her father, so much I challenge that I may professdue to the Moor my lord&quot (Othello, I.iii 184-188)As the course of events shift, Othello and Desdemona end up in Cyprus together. Iago, ensign to Othel lo, in his lust for power, tricks Othello into believing that Desdemona has had an affair. Othello is overcome by jealousy, the &quotgreen eyed monster.&quot &quotO, beware, my lord, of jealousy it is the green-eyed monster which doth mock the meat it feeds on&quot (Othello, III.iii 169-171) In his rage, Othello charges Iago with the killing of Cassio, his lieutenant who supposedly slept with his wife. Othello then(prenominal) plans to kill Desdemona. Even during the course of the killing, Othello maintains his love for Desdemona (although this might seem a contradiction.) He refuses to calumniate her body in any way. &quotYet Ill not shed her blood nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow, and smooth as monumental alabaster.&quot (Othello, V.ii 3-5)He then proceeds to choke or smother her to death. The theme of love in Othello changed from puppy love, the lighter side of love, to jealousy, the shabbinessest side of love. In stark contrast to the dark and tra gic &quotOthello,&quot is one of Shakespeares lightest and funniest comedies, &quotTwelfth Night.&quot The theme of love is presented in a highly comical manner. Shakespeare, however, in one case again proves himself a master by interweaving serious elements into humorous situations. "Twelfth Night" consists of many love triangles, however many of the characters who are tangled up in the web of love are blind to see that their emotions and feelings toward other characters are untrue. They are being deceived by themselves and/or the others around them.

Biometric Cryptosystem :: Technology, Encryption

As stated in ISO/IEC JTC1 SC37 biometrics is defined as the automated recognition of individuals based on their behavioural and biological characteristics. As discussed in section-------(Intro to biometrics) the main help involved in biometric recognition are Enrollment and Verification or Identification in general called as recognition. During the Enrollment process features of the captured biometric entity are converted to pathfinder, to be stored in database for further matching. At the stage of recognition , template obtained from the features of the realtime biometric entity are compared against the stored template. The result of matching process involved in recognition is either accept or reject1. It has been a long time belief that the biometric signals or data cannot be reconstructed from the stored templates and Cappelli et.al and Ross et.al23 has proven that the belief of biometric data reconstruction from the templates is possible. In order to protect the biometric data , several standard encryption algorithms has been used. But, this attempt leaves the biometric templates exposed during every trademark attempt4. Even homomorphic and asymmetric encryption schmes 567 represent some exceptions. Conventional cryptosystems is based on the possession of secret keys and key management is performed using second point authentication entity like password8. Decryption keys in this scheme could be obtained by using the password. To overcome the drawbacks of the existing schemes, biometric template protection schemes which are commonly called as biometric cryptosystems also referred to as Helper data-based scheme are proposed. Two major requirements of biometric information protection as per ISO/IEC FCD 24745 standard are,IrreversibilityReconstruction of original biometric template from the stored template should be made problematical whereas construction of protected biometric template from the stored template should be made easy.UnlinkabilitySeveral dif ferent versions of protected biometric templates can be generated based on the same biometric data, which is referred to as renewability whereas the protected templates should not cross-match, which is referred to as diversity.Biometric cryptosystems herein after referred to as BCS are designed to securely bind a digital key to a biometric or generate a digital key 9. BCS paves way for the growth of biometric dependant key-release and biometric template protection 1011. BCS is more difficult to forge, copy, share and distribute biometric data when compared to that of passwords 1. Conventional biometric cryptosystems perform fuzzy comparisons by applying decision thresholds. Decision thresholds are obtained based on the score distributions between actual and imposter subjects, whereas BCS gives only stable keys as output , which are required for matching at the authentication stage.

The Fall of The House of Usher Essay -- Literary Analysis, Edgar Allan

Often beats in literature the author will correlate attributes of a example or things happening to a reference work with physical items or even opposite people within the story. This provides an indication of how a character is structured and sometimes foreshadows things yet to happen in the story. In the short story The Fall of The House of hall porter, the author, Edgar Allan Poe, establishes two distinct parallels between three characters. Roderick is paralleled with both his twin sister, Madeline, and the actual house itself. Determining the similarities between these characters move provide an interesting literary exercise.Roderick and Madeline being twin siblings should provide enough similarities to establish a parallel in itself, but there are other indications. Both Usher siblings suffer from debilitating ailments which Poe alludes to several times throughout the story. An example of this is when Poe states of Roderick, an anomalous species of terror I found him a boun den knuckle down (Poe 235). The author does this again when writing I dread the events of the future, not in themselves, but in their results. I shudder at the thought of any, even the closely trivial, incident (Poe 235). Finally, he writes, He was enchained by certain superstitious impressions in regard to the dwelling which he tenanted, and whence, for many years, he had never ventured by (Poe 235). The terms bounden slave and enchained in these passages hint that Roderick is unable to move from his fears and is therefore stuck. Madeline is described as having transient affections of a partially cataleptical character (Poe 236). This means while suffering from catatonic fits she was physically unable to move, similar in nature to Rodericks inability to mov... ...the narrator.The use of parallels within literature has coherent provided readers with a way to delve deeper into the authors view of a character. Roderick and Madeline Usher were so similar they in fact died at the s ame time from comparable health problems. The physical house Roderick lived in seemed to take on so many of the exact depressing attributes of its owner that it, too, perished upon his death. The Fall of The House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe deals predominantly with hopelessness which fills the narrator with despair. Despite this hopelessness and despite the fact that every character the narrator encounters dies at the end of the story, and regardless that during his prognosticate to the Usher House the narrator becomes somewhat depressed himself, one can glean hope that the narrator, and therefore the reader, escapes from an obviously despondent situation.

The Fall of The House of Usher Essay -- Literary Analysis, Edgar Allan

Often times in literature the author will correlate attributes of a computer address or things happening to a character with physical items or even other people within the story. This provides an indication of how a character is structured and sometimes foreshadows things yet to happen in the story. In the short story The Fall of The House of Usher, the author, Edgar Allan Poe, establishes two distinct parallels between three characters. Roderick is paralleled with both his twin sister, Madeline, and the existing house itself. Determining the similarities between these characters can provide an interesting literary exercise.Roderick and Madeline being twin siblings should provide enough similarities to establish a parallel in itself, but there are other indications. Both Usher siblings suffer from debilitating ailments which Poe alludes to several times throughout the story. An example of this is when Poe states of Roderick, an anomalous species of terror I found him a bounden slave (Poe 235). The author does this again when writing I dread the events of the future, not in themselves, but in their results. I shudder at the thought of any, even the most trivial, incident (Poe 235). Finally, he writes, He was enchained by certain superstitious impressions in regard to the dwelling which he tenanted, and whence, for many years, he had never ventured forth (Poe 235). The terms bounden slave and enchained in these passages hint that Roderick is unable to move from his fears and is therefore stuck. Madeline is described as having transient affections of a partially cataleptical character (Poe 236). This means while suffering from catatonic fits she was physically unable to move, similar in nature to Rodericks softness to mov... ...the narrator.The use of parallels within literature has long provided readers with a way to delve deeper into the authors view of a character. Roderick and Madeline Usher were so similar they in fact died at the same time from comparab le health problems. The physical house Roderick lived in seemed to take on so many of the exact dismay attributes of its owner that it, too, perished upon his death. The Fall of The House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe deals predominantly with hopelessness which fills the narrator with despair. Despite this hopelessness and despite the fact that every character the narrator encounters dies at the end of the story, and regardless that during his visit to the Usher House the narrator becomes somewhat depressed himself, one can glean hope that the narrator, and therefore the reader, escapes from an manifestly despondent situation.

Products and services of the organization Essay

Talent Acquisition & Integrated Project SolutionsUpon winning a tender our enlisting police squad in the region is given a list of requirements from the client which they because have to fill within a given time frame. It is besides done through recruitment campaigns is one specific nationality is needed for a project.Global MobilityThis is a service that we provide for all placed candidates who be travelling abroad for an assignment which composite on and off boarding support, visa, flights and housing arrangementsIdentification of Main CustomersThere argon two types of customers that the company serves, those who are face for workforce (the companies) and those who are looking for employment (the individuals). It is non possible to distinguish the percentage of who the company is more focused on as it varies on the region. What differentiates them is that the Clients that looking for workforce either request our company to be used as the resource through a recommendation or through a tendering touch. On the other hand the individuals that approach our worry while looking for new opportunities mostly use the website as a platform for searching and applying for employment which is then saved on our data base for future reference and use.3. The companies mission and vision is as fol low- imbibesThe above describe the companies overall goal that all its branches are working towards on an annual basis. Those vary depending on the region payable to different obstacles, structures or enactment surrounding it. Within the Middle East the chief(prenominal) short to medium term objectives is to check up on that the existing relationships that have been established over the years remain undisturbed by this such as low quality of work and untimely oral communication of work gained through tenders. This is achieved by employing the right people on the right positions to ensure that what has been built overtime wont be damaged through wrong communication ch annels.Moreover the company take to explore possibly needed adjustments in its operations to be able to workwith companies that work on smaller projects besides those which are government driven or large privately run entities. Finally, the company postulate to explore and establish whether it is worth expanding into different. Industries within the region due to the growth within Rail and Construction sectors, considering a lot of competition from abroad this needs extensive analysis and research.4. An analysis of minimum 4 external factors and their impact on the melodic phrase activities of the organization.PoliticalThis factor within the ME Region is very influential. delinquent to ongoing conflicts in Iraq our consultants have to go through extensive training in case of emergencies such as wars which not only includes very high-pitched rotational/ demobilization costs but also involves a number of measures that the company had to incorporate and take into account while pr ospect up the entity in high risk location which are a separate emergency phone line, a 24/7 emergency contact, amendments to existing employee contacts which do not consider political conflicts safe transportation, security guards and special camp accommodation which comes at a very high priceThe economy in the position east is very good, however it is only accessible to those who have the right contacts and relationships. Also it is very strongly affected by politics. Western Companies have to go through a very lengthy process of registration which requires wasta not only at the beginning but also for certain regular activities which slows down a lot of processes which in h West wouldnt be an issue.Arab culture is very strong and rules the legislation and all processes and procedures within workplaces in the Region. Introducing the process of nationalisation has had a great influence on all companies operating in the region as a quota on nationals has to be employed by every comp any which meant that current employees had to be replaced with locals who unfortunately often arent keen to work, which creates a lot of issues in the workplace.While expanding in the ME Region the company had tapped into the Caspian Region a few years ago and set up 3 offices in Kazakhstan. However calling development and tenders were a struggle due to very common bribery and corruption methods in doing business in this region. AS this is against the companies Code of Business Conduct the Board is now considering to sell the business within that region, as it is impossible to develop without breaking the company codes.5. Structure of the organizationThe company structure within the ME region is Functional due to the business need. Each of the departments and all employees have a specific role and function that contributes towards the entire region functioning properlyActivity B1&2 Organizational StrategyThe companies overall Regional Strategy is focused on growth and development i n existing and new locations. This means that all delivery managers are focused on bringing in numbers and new business to ensure high profits which equals meeting their KPIs. This relays to all other departments which care recruiters are pressured to provide the highest level of service and ensure the businesss regular growth.The HR department is there toEnsure that all incoming business which requires new staff or increased workload for existing staff is worth the effort preparing P&L Reports Ensuring that all departments are equally rewarded, not just the recruiters that are given regular bonuses for placements made. Initiatives for the finance and GM department have been developed. Policies and procedures have been developed to ensure that all employees who join or are currently working for the company adhere to the same standards and are treated equally. All of the above mentioned directly or indirectly ensure staff retention. documentation manager and staff & contribution to the overall success of the business Conflict and Dispute solving -When a conflict arises HR is there to be the intercessor and the person that is objective towards both sides. The HR services to solve the problem without involvement of personal opinions of either of the sides. Conflicts often grow to an extent where other departments get involved and it becomes a personal issue rather than a small work issues that absorbs everyone. This is very unhealthy as it absorbs time and energy of the entire team or within an office where it could be used for positive actions and development. HR is there to ensure that misunderstandings do not grow on such scale and help the teams refocus on their goals as well s the common aim of the office or the region that every employee is working towards.This is crucial to the business because a team that doesnt work well together will never produce results which will mirro their full potential. Performance Management HR Provides the platform, tools and expertise to ensure that each employee is assessed on a regular basis and has a chance to express and discuss any problems or issues that they might be facing. It also provides scripted proof for the managers when it comes to promotions and pay rises at the end of the year. It also provides a source of analysis for training needs and employee development plans which are used during budget setting time. Appraisals, even though for many managers seem like a chore are a very important part of the businesses success.Even when a team doesnt meet on a regular basis to discuss any issues, the assessment time is when real performers and those who clearly underperform are identified. Having expound written reviews help to distinguish whether a staff member is worth investing in and having his employment continued or whether he should be allow go of at early stages within the first 3 months when the probation period is over. Without the HR department prompting the managers to complete those above described assessments, the managers often do not realize the lack of someones potential until crucial, often costly mistakes are made.Guidance in terms of employee legislationAs the legislation in the region changes on a regular basis, it is important that HR has the information and relays it to all employees, and also acts asthe person that is informed of any immigration or legal changes. It is crucial to the business that all laws are watched to avoid any issues not only with employees in case of disputes but also with governmental bodies such as immigration or the Municipality. Following those rules in any country can be a deciding factor during an internal or external audit and ensure that the business can continue trading rather than being fined or even closed down for not adhering to the rules and regulations. jolly treatment of employeesTo ensure fair treatment of employees and to avoid favouritism, policies procedures and guidelines are developed. All employee s are bound by the same rules which create guidelines for their day to day behaviours and actions which if low-spirited and referred to during disciplinary or performance assessment meetings. Having rules in place is crucial to the business as it avoids unnecessary conflicts and issues as well as helps employees to understand and follow the company culture which is reflected within its rules.

Analysis of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola’s Oration on the Dignity of Man Essay

In Giovanni Pico della Mirandolas Oration on the Dignity of Man, he discusses his conceptions and ideas on the nature and the potential of hu gay beingnesss. Notably, in his discussion, he reconciles and combines the teachings of Islam, Judaism and Christianity into a single binding thought. He as well as attempted to reconcile the several contrasting teachings of Aristotle and Plato, although it is observable that he is more in favor of the teachings of the latter.Although his oration is great in length, it can be summarized into several important foretells. Possibly the first important point is in the first part of Mirandolas oration in which he explained the origin of man through the story of creation. He claimed that after God, whom he considers as the highest form of authority in the universe comparable all new(prenominal) religions, finished creating all creatures, he expressed the desire to create another being who would be able appreciate all of the animals, plants, and other things he created.In addition, based on his oration, these creatures each had its own rank in the world. However, Mirandola claimed that there was no longer any room for another creature in the hierarchy of the world, as all the slots, from angels to worms had already been occupied when he finished creating. According to Mirandola, as a result, God created man in such a way that he would not be belong to any slot or place in the hierarchy or chain of beings.Instead, Mirandola claimed, that man had the ability to imitate and learn from all the other creatures, which he likened to a chameleon. Furthermore, he asserted that mans destiny was the controlled merely by the hand of God, but by his own freewill. In other words, according to Mirandola, human beings could change themselves based on the decisions and the choices they make. In addition, he claimed that these choices could lead man appressed to God or farther away from him.After Mirandolas explanation of mans spirit in the world, he then discussed how man should act and also discussed the consequences of each of his actions. According to him, human beings should imitate the actions of Cherubims, whom he described as the angels that flashes forth the enormousness of intelligence, as this would help them ascend the lean or hierarchy of beings and ultimately reach God, whom he claimed as the one on top of the ladder.In other words, Mirandola asserted that it is through the use of human intellect, specifically through philosophizing or engaging in intellectual discussions, can human beings become like angels and become one with their creator God. Moreover, although there be other ways of communing with God and ascending closer to him, according to Mirandola, the use of human intellect is the outgo way to do so because in is through thinking can human beings conceive and understand pure and eternal ideas and thoughts.In other words, Mirandola mostly emphasized the importance of the power of the i magination as this where limitless possibilities occur. In contrast, based on his oration, when human beings fail to use their intellect they descend the ladder or the hierarchy and become evil and useless. Furthermore, according to him, it is this ability of man, which the exercise of freewill that distinguishes him from all the other creatures of God and thereby making him superior to them.Mirandola claimed that sole(prenominal) human beings have control of their fates as all the other creatures in nature are controlled by external forces acting on them. Moreover, he also explained based on the teachings of Empedocles, that human beings have dual souls. One brings them closer to the heavens and in effect closer to God while the other drags them march on down the earth, where war and discord exists. However, Mirandola emphasized that it is solely the choice of human beings which soul they would nourish.Another important point that Mirandola discusses in his oration is his view on the many schools of thoughts or philosophies existing in the world. First of all, according to him, philosophies always change, which makes a human beings ability to self-transform the only thing constant. Moreover, he emphasized that since there are many philosophies and beliefs, which include the teachings of Plato, Aristotle, Christianity and Islam, among others, it is best for man to learn all of these doctrines to have a broader view and understanding of life and the journeying to God.According to him, human beings should not simply believe in and stick to a single dogma or doctrine, especially if this attacks other teachings, as this hinders their efficiency to think, which he holds in the highest regard. Furthermore, Mirandola also stressed that in the system where man has freewill and can transform himself into any other existing creature, it is the philosophers, which include himself, who are considered the most dignified and possible the highest form of human beings.Bas ed on his oration, he believed that since philosophers think and engage in debates most of the time, they are drawn closer to God and they ascend the hierarchy of beings faster than other humans. Similarly, he asserted that artists, writers, and painters, who have very powerful imaginations, are not merely artisans but geniuses as they possess ability to exercise their intellectual capacities Lastly, another notable point that Mirandola discussed is his of view on the mystery of God himself.According to him, God made himself cognize to prophets like Moses not through a single revelation but a series of revelations that made them understand his true nature and character. In addition, he emphasized that there only a few human beings who possess the capacity to understand the revelations of God because it is they who can accurately and truthfully profess what they distinguish and what they have discovered.

3D Animation Research

Introduction The Computers have revolutionized the practical technologies in our daily lives. T.V, microwaves, phones, air-conditioning and to the highest degree every other technology uses computer technology in some form or another. Similarly, it has influenced the art, creating a new line of digital artists. Animation the ocular story-telling art, was born when the art met the technology. Animated filmmaking and visual storytelling are grown into multi-billion dollar entertainment need.The fadeing animation firm Pixars intern experiences page statesOne day, we had luncheon with Ed Catmull, the President and Co-Founder of Pixar. He told us that we are and always will be a storytelling company. Our job is to make timeless stories that inspire people, make them holler and make them laugh. We are not here to just make a quick buck Pixar is much more than just a cool come to the fore to work. It is a place where you can live out your childhood dreams of storytelling and filmmaking , and know that your hard work is inspiring people of all ages, all over the world. check to Dave Kehr- Animation, the art of making inanimate objects appear to move. Animation is an artistic impulse that long predates the movies.Animation has existed for over one hundred years and is not express just by computer animation. The computer acts as a tool for artists to develop creative ideas. Paintings, drawings, sketches and initial 2D Photoshop computer graphics are the styles which lead to 3D animation. In Adobe Photoshop, scanned sketches are manipulated by adding or removing layers, blending until the desired artistic look is acquired. Initially, storyboards and low-resolution 3D characters are created to eliminate the realistic problems and to enhance the design in the process.Once the story is finalized with scene details, characters and sets, the 3D work of the animated project can begin. Autodesk Maya, Autodesk 3Ds Max, Avid Softimage XSI and Houdini are some of the parcel that artists use to refine the work. At the end of the animation process, the final sets of images are rendered. These images are played together in sequence at a regularize of 24 frames per second to create the final animated film.

Puma’s Ag Case

PUMAs AG Case Adalbert and Rudolf Dassler founded puma in 1924 in Germany. The caller-up was called Gebruder Dassler OHG, and was internationally well kn knowledge. However, the two brothers separated creating Adidas and jaguar, respectively. cougar had sponsored some of the worlds most famous soccer players, positioning itself as one of the most important company in soccer shoes and accessories. In shock of that, the son of the founder, Armin Dassler, take Puma to a point where all product were sold dirt-cheap, ruining the brand image. The high society was not willing to get into the brand.In 1993, Jochen Zeitz, became the CEO of the company, and together with Martin Gaensler, the supply chain management chief, applied 3 significant phases into the Comeback of Puma * Aimed at making Puma profitable in order to build a strong financial foundation. * Restructuring the whole company * centralizeing in core competencies marketing, brand management, and product management. * Transfo rm Puma into an fetching sports brand. (High- value brand in sport and lifestyle sales categories). * Sponsoring and advertisement. Pumas major competitors 1. Adidas Salomon AG * Headquarters in Bavaria, Germany. Production was in all continent, except in Australia, with administration, design, and marketing in Germany and France. * Production outsourced in Asia. * Only supplier covered all sports. * Main strength soccer line, sky and lawn tennis market. * Known as a brand for the family, satisfying customers needs. * Sponsoring activities on huge sports events, famous teams, and athletes like FIFA World Cup and UEFA Champions League. 2. Nike * American company founded by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight in 1964. * Outsourced part of the production to China and concentrated its skills on product design, marketing, and distribution. Located in Oregon. * Administrative activities concentrated in United States. * Europe, Africa, and Asia worked only in sales strategies. * Target group young people with the slogan Just do it * Marketing strategy sponsoring events, popular teams, and athletes. * existence to specialized brands * Web-based Nike ID (customizing Nike products) 3. Reebok * Founded in 1895 in USA by Joseph William. * Key market footwear industry (aerobics industry, womens sportswear, and design street & casual footwear). * Located in 140 countries. R & D in China, Korea, and Taiwan. Distribution finished goods via traditional retailers. * Sales in Gym club trainers. * Reebok female sports shoes were the most famous. * 1992, metamorphose of strategy to American football, basketball, and soccer. * Sponsoring sport events and popular athletes. * Nevertheless, Reebok was often regarded as a fitness and exercise equipment manufacturer. 4. Fila * 1911, Italy. * Distribution in 50 countries. * Portfolio of sportswear and athletic footwear. * Focus on cart track, basketball, and fitness. 5. Prada * Italian brand focused on luxury leather goods. * Founded by Mario Prada. 2003 Sportive line called Prada Sport. 6. Diesel * 1970. Casualwear or sportswear company that became a luxury brand. PUMAs Value Chain * R&D sourcing, production, and logistics * 80% of all production move to Asia due to raw materials and MOD * construct in Turkey and Mexico * It reduces its working capital and inventory to 21% * The raw material sourcing allowing shortening the production and enabling full quality control of scuttlebutt factors. (Inditexs Zara strategy) * Production partners according to quality, price, and environmental/social factors. Logistics was not a core competence. * Brand management * Turnaround new positioning of the brand itself. * 1980s unpopular image due to heavy price decline. * Jochen Zeitz (CEO), repositioned the brand * Making PUMA desirable again * 2003, the brand was already positioned and well-known and considered as a luxury * Ensuring success, PUMA hired charismatic personalities who could represent and understand the desired brand perception, recognition, and awareness even further. * Sponsoring several teams such as the Jamaican running team, Cameroon soccer team, and Italian national soccer team. Sponsoring Formula One, entering by the official supply of sportswear for the FIA World Rally Championship, the Ford Rally division, and freestyle motocross assistant Travis Pastrana. * Quality over quantity and rely on innovation. * Following upcoming trends quickly and creating trends. * The Puma classic King was reintroduced creating a new market fragment of lifestyle sportswear, having in consequence to it a significant competitive advantage over competitors from the fashion industry. * CEO understood the fashion as the new gang of elements of the past. * Right time for launching a new product line. Puma entered in the cricket market in Australia and Africa. * Advertising in MTV and in Hollywood movies. * Puma was perceived as rebellious and stylish. * Distribution * Outsourcing 70% in distribution log istics. * Building up a system to develop its own network in Europe. * Retail activities * Selected partners according to the corporate message of Puma. * Sport retailer did not operated globally only foot Locker and Intersport, Decathlon, and JJB Sports. * There was no price discrimination due to low transportation costs in Europe. * Collaboration with strategic partners and allies Acquired the Swedish company Tretorn (manufacturer of tennis balls), because of the sophisticated and all-inclusive distribution system in the Scandinavian market and a very skilled management team. Corporative Strategy R&D and design (functionality and stylish show products). Launching the New Collection sport, lifestyle, and fashion. * Trying to be innovative in every part of the process * Marketing strategy Innovation * Modernizing latest collections and re-launch them Bibliography. Kaufmann, Lutz. Puma AG. The WHU Otto Beisheim Graduate School of Management.

Meaning of life Human Essay

Youth is non a cadence of animation it is a state of header it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees it is a matter of the entrust, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions it is the gleaming of the late springs of lifetime-time. Youth think ofs a tempera work forcetal predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the come of ease. This practic in ally exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows doddering merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our i get hold ofs. geezerhood may wrinkle the skin, tho to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the occupywood and turns the purpose back to dust. Whether 60 or 16, in that location is in any human beings heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing appetite for whats bordering and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart, there is a wireless station so foresighted as it receives messages of beauty, hope, courage and great power from man and from the infinite, so retentive as you are young. When your aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with s at a propagation of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then youve grown old, even at 20 but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimism, theres hope you may die young at 80. Three Days to See(Excerpts) ( ) Three Days to See All of us realise read electrifying stories in which the hero had just now a limited and specified date to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year, sometimes as unforesightful as 24 hours. But incessantly we were inte occupyed in kick downstairsing just how the doomed hero chose to sp close his distantthest days or his last hours.I speak, of course, of free men who pay back a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited. Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances. What events, what experiences, what associations should we ring into those last hours as mortal beings, what regrets? Sometimes I eat up intellection it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life.We should live each day with gentleness, vigor and a keenness of appreciation which are a good deal lost when time stretches forward us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean proverb of Eat, drink, and be merry. But nearly concourse would be chastened by the certainty of impending death. In stories the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but al closely always his sense of values is salmagundid. He give outs more appreciative of the substance of life and its permanent spiritual values.It has often been noted that those who live, or own lived, in the shadow of d eath bring a mellow sweetness to every subject they do. Most of us, however, memorize life for granted. We be intimate that maven day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in pleased health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, but aware of our listless attitude toward life. The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses.Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the composite blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. But those who have never suffered baulk of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being g placeful for what we have unt il we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill. I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a fewer days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight silence would teach him the joys of sound. Companionship of Books ( ) Companionship of Books A man may usually be known by the books he reads as head as by the company he keeps for there is a companionship of books as rise up as of men and angiotensin converting enzyme should always live in the outdo company, whether it be of books or of men. A good book may be among the best of friends.It is the same forthwith that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of misery or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age. Men often d iscover their affinity to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as deuce persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, Love me, love my dog. But there is more wisdom in this Love me, love my book. The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them. A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out for the macrocosm of a mans life is, for the most part, but the piece of his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters. Books possess an summation of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human travail. Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with undischarged thoughts, which a re as fresh today as when they first passed through their authors minds, ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effect of time have been to sift out the bad products for nothing in literature can long survive e but what is very good. Books introduce us into the best society they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did we see the as if they were in reality alive we sympathize with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were in a taproom actors with them in the scenes which they describe. The great and good do not die, even in this world. Embalmed in books, their spirits walk abroad. The book is a living voice.It is an intellect to which on still listens. If I Rest,I Rust , If I Rest, I Rust The significant in mittion found on an old keyIf I rest, I rustwould be an excellent motto for those who are discompose with the slightest bit of idleness. Even the most industrious person might adopt it with advantage to serve as a reminder that, if one allows his faculties to rest, give care the bid in the unused key, they will soon show signs of rust and, ultimately, cannot do the work required of them. Those who would attain the heights reached and kept by great men must keep their faculties polished by constant use, so that they may unlock the doors of knowledge, the gate that guard the entrances to the professions, to science, art, literature, agricultureevery department of human endeavor. effort keeps bright the key that opens the treasury of achievement. If Hugh Miller, afterwards toiling all day in a quarry, had devoted his evenings to rest and recreation, he would never have become a famous geologist.The celebrated mathematician, Edmund Stone, would never have published a mathematical dictionary, never have found the key to science of mathematics, if he had pres umptuousness his spare moments to idleness, had the little Scotch lad, Ferguson, allowed the busy brain to go to sleep while he tended sheep on the hillside instead of calculating the position of the stars by a string of beads, he would never have become a famous astronomer. Labor vanquishes allnot inconstant, spasmodic, or ill-directed labor but faithful, unremitting, daily effort toward a well-directed purpose.Just as truly as eternal vigilance is the price of liberty, so is eternal industry the price of noble and enduring success. want Ambition It is not difficult to imagine a world short of ambition. It would probably be a kinder world with out demands, without abrasions, without disap battery-acidments. People would have time for reflection. Such work as they did would not be for themselves but for the collectivity. Competition would never enter in. conflict would be eliminated, tension become a thing of the past.The stress of creation would be at an end. Art would no longer be troubling, but purely celebratory in its functions. Longevity would be increased, for less people would die of heart attack or stroke caused by tumultuous endeavor. Anxiety would be extinct. Time would stretch on and on, with ambition long departed from the human heart. Ah, how unrelieved boring life would be There is a strong view that holds that success is a myth, and ambition therefore a sham. Does this mean that success does not really exist?That achievement is at bottom empty? That the efforts of men and women are of no significance alongside the powerfulness of movements and events now not all success, obviously, is worth esteeming, nor all ambition worth cultivating. Which are and which are not is something one soon enough learns on ones own. But even the most cynical secretly admit that success exists that achievement counts for a great deal and that the true myth is that the actions of men and women are useless. To believe otherwise is to take on a point of view that is likely to be deranging.It is, in its implications, to remove all motives for competence, interest in attainment, and regard for posterity. We do not admit to be born. We do not choose our parents. We do not choose our historical epoch, the outlandish of our birth, or the warm circumstances of our upbringing. We do not, most of us, choose to die nor do we choose the time or conditions of our death. But inside all this realm of choicelessness, we do choose how we shall live courageously or in cowardice, honorably or dishonorably, with purpose or in drift. We break up what is important and what is trivial in life.We decide that what makes us significant is either what we do or what we refuse to do. But no matter how indifferent the universe may be to our choices and decisions, these choices and decisions are ours to make. We decide. We choose. And as we decide and choose, so are our lives hurled. In the end, forming our own destiny is what ambition is about. What I have Lived for What I Have Lived For Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. I have sought love, first, because it brings decadeecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, adjoining, because it relieves lonelinessthat terrible loneliness in which one shiver consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss.I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem alike good for human life, this is whatat lastI have found. With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always it brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims anguished by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the go on were offered me. When Love Beckons You When Love Beckons You When love beckons to you, follow him, though his ways are hard and steep. And when his wings enfold you, yield to hi m, though the sword hidden among his pinions may wound you. And when he speaks to you, believe in him, though his voice may shatter your dreams as the north wind lays waste the garden. For even as love crowns you so shall he crucify you. Even as he is for your growth so is he for your pruning. Even as he ascends to your height and caresses your tenderest branches that quiver in the sun, so shall he descend to our roots and shake them in their clinging to the earth. But if, in your fear, you would seek only loves peace and loves pleasure, then it is better for you that you cover your nakedness and pass out of loves threshing-floor, into the seasonless world where you shall laugh, but not all of your laughter, and weep, but not all of your tears. Love gives naught but it self and takes naught but from itself. Love possesses not, nor would it be possessed, for love is sufficient unto love. Love has no other desire but to fulfill itself. But if you love and must have desires, let t hese be your desires To melt and be like a running brook that sings its melody to the night. To know the pain of too much tenderness. To be wounded by your own understanding of love And to bleed willingly and joyfully. To wake at dawn with a winged heart and give thanks for another day of loving To rest at the noon hour and meditate loves ecstasy To return home at eventide with gratitude And then to sleep with a payer for the beloved in your heart and a song of praise upon your lips. The route to Success The Road to Success It is well that young men should begin at the beginning and occupy the most subordinate positions. Many of the leading businessmen of Pittsburgh had a serious responsibility thrust upon them at the very threshold of their career. They were introduced to the broom, and spent the first hours of their business lives sweeping out the office. I notice we have janitors and janitresses now in offices, and our young men unfortunately miss that salutar y branch of business education.But if by chance the professional sweeper is take out any morning, the boy who has the genius of the future partner in him will not hesitate to try his hand at the broom. It does not hurt the newest comer to sweep out the office if necessary. I was one of those sweepers myself. Assuming that you have all obtained employment and are fairly started, my advice to you is aim high. I would not give a fig for the young man who does not already see himself the partner or the head of an important square.Do not rest content for a moment in your thoughts as head clerk, or foreman, or general manager in any concern, no matter how extensive. take to yourself, My place is at the top. Be king in your dreams. And here is the prime condition of success, the great secret concentrate your energy, thought, and capital exclusively upon the business in which you are engaged. Having begun in one line, resolve to fight it out on that line, to lead in it, adopt every improvement, have the best machinery, and know the most about it. The concerns which fail are those which have scattered their capital, which means that they have scattered their brains also. They have investments in this, or that, or the other, here there, and everywhere. Dont put all your eggs in one basket. is all wrong. I tell you to put all your eggs in one basket, and then accompany that basket. Look round you and take notice, men who do that not often fail. It is easy to watch and carry the one basket. It is trying to carry too some(prenominal) baskets that breaks most eggs in this country. He who carries three baskets must put one on his head, which is apt to tumble and trip him up.One fault of the American businessman is lack of concentration. To summarize what I have said aim for the highest never enter a bar room do not vestige liquor, or if at all only at meals never speculate never indorse beyond your surplus cash fund make the firms interest yours break orders always to save owners concentrate put all your eggs in one basket, and watch that basket expenditure always within revenue lastly, be not impatient, for as Emerson says, no one can c light up you out of ultimate success but yourselves. On group meeting the Celebrated On Meeting the Celebrated I have always wondered at the passion many people have to meet the celebrated. The prestige you call for by being able to tell your friends that you know famous men proves only that you are yourself of small account. The celebrated develop a technique to deal with the persons they come across. They show the world a mask, often an impressive on, but take care to conceal their real selves.They play the part that is expected from them, and with put on learn to play it very well, but you are stupid if you think that this public performance of theirs corresponds with the man within. I have been attached, deeply attached, to a few people but I have been interested in men in general not for their own sakes, but for the sake of my work. I have not, as Kant enjoined, regarded each man as an end in himself, but as material that might be useful to me as a writer. I have been more concerned with the obscure than with the famous. They are more often themselves. They have had no need to create a figure to protect themselves from the world or to impress it.Their idiosyncrasies have had more chance to develop in the limited circle of their activity, and since they have never been in the public eye it has never occurred to them that they have anything to conceal. They display their oddities because it has never struck them that they are odd. And after all it is with the common run of men that we writers have to deal kings, dictators, commercial magnates are from our point of view very unsatisfactory. To write about them is a venture that has often tempted writers, but the failure that has attended their efforts shows that such beings are too exceptional to form a proper ground f or a work of art.They cannot be made real. The ordinary is the writers richer field. Its unexpectedness, its singularity, its infinite variety afford unending material. The great man is too often all of a piece it is the little man that is a bundle of contradictory elements. He is inexhaustible. You never come to the end of the surprises he has in store for you. For my part I would much sooner spend a month on a desert island with a veteran surgeon than with a prime minister. The 50-Percent Theory of Life The 50-Percent Theory of Life I believe in the 50-percent theory. Half the time things are better than normal the other half, they re worse. I believe life is a pendulum swing. It takes time and experience to understand what normal is, and that gives me the perspective to deal with the surprises of the future. Lets bench mark the parameters yes, I will die. Ive dealt with the deaths of both parents, a best friend, a beloved boss and cherished pets. Some of these deaths have been violent, before my eyes, or slow up and agonizing. Bad stuff, and it belongs at the bottom of the scale. Then there are those high points romance and marriage to the right person having a child and doing those Dad things like coaching my sons baseball team, paddling around the creek in the boat while hes swimming with the dogs, discovering his compassion so deep it manifests even in his kindness to snails, his imagination so vivid he builds a spaceship from a scattered pile of Legos. But there is a vast meadow of life in the middle, where the bad and the good flip-flop acrobatically. This is what convinces me to believe in the 50-percent theory. One spring I planted corn too early in a bottomland so flood-prone that neighbors laughed. I felt chagrined at the wasted effort. Summer turned brutalthe worst heat wave and drought in my lifetime. The air-conditioned died the well went dry the marriage ended the job lost the money gone. I was living lyrics from a country tunemusi c I loathed. Only a surging Kansas City Royals team buoyed my spirits. Looking back on that horrible summer, I soon understand that all succeeding good things merely offset the bad. Worse than normal wouldnt last long. I am owed and savor the halcyon times.The reinvigorate me for the next nasty surprise and offer assurance that can thrive. The 50-percent theory even helps me see hope beyond my Royals recent slump, a field of struggling rookies set so that some year soon we can reap an October harvest. For that on blistering summer, the ground moisture was just right, planting early allowed pollination before heat withered the tops, and the lack of rain spared the standing corn from floods. That winter my crib overflowed with cornfat, healthy three-to-a-stalk ears filled with kernels from heel to tipwhile my neighbors palm yielded only brown, empty husks. Although plantings past may have fallen below the 50-percent expectation, and they probably will again in the future, I am still sustain by the crop that flourishes during the drought. What is Your Recovery Rate? What is Your Recovery Rate? What is your recovery rate? How long does it take you to recover from actions and conducts that upset you? Minutes? Hours? Days? Weeks? The longer it takes you to recover, the more influence that incident has on your actions, and the less able you are to perform to your person-to-person best.In a nutshell, the longer it takes you to recover, the weaker you are and the poorer your performance. You are well aware that you need to exercise to keep the body fit and, no doubt, accept that a reasonable measure of health is the speed in which your heart and respiratory system recovers after exercise. Likewise the faster you let go of an issue that upsets you, the faster you return to an equilibrium, the healthier you will be. The best example of this behavior is found with professional sportspeople. They know that the faster they can forget an incident or missd o pportunity and get on with the game, the better their performance.In fact, most measure the time it takes them to overcome and forget an incident in a game and most reckon a recovery rate of 30 seconds is too long Imagine yourself to be an actor in a play on the stage. Your aim is to play your part to the best of your ability. You have been given a script and at the end of each sentence is a ful stop. Each time you get to the end of the sentence you start a new one and although the next sentence is related to the last it is not affected by it. Your job is to deliver each sentence to the best of your ability. Dont live your life in the pastLearn to live in the present, to overcome the past. Stop the past from influencing your daily life. Dont allow thoughts of the past to reduce your personal best. Stop the past from interfering with your life. Learn to recover quickly. mark Rome wasnt built in a day. Reflect on your recovery rate each day. Every day before you go to bed, look at your progress. Dont lie in bed saying to you, I did that wrong. I should have done better there. No. look at your day and note when you made an effort to place a full stop after an incident. This is a success.You are taking control of your life. Remember this is a step by step process. This is not a make-over. You are undertaking real change here. Your aim reduce the time spent in recovery. The way forward? Live in the present. Not in the precedent. assoil Your Mental Space Clear Your Mental Space Think about the last time you felt a negative emotionlike stress, anger, or frustration. What was going through your mind as you were going through that negativity? Was your mind cluttered with thoughts? Or was it paralyzed, unable to think? The next time you find yourself in the middle of a very stressful time, or you feel angry or frustrated, stop. Yes, thats right, stop. Whatever youre doing, stop and sit for one minute. While youre school term there, completely imme rse yourself in the negative emotion. Allow that emotion to consume you. Allow yourself one minute to truly feel that emotion. Dont tractor trailer yourself here. Take the entire minutebut only one minuteto do nothing else but feel that emotion. When the minute is over, ask yourself, Am I wiling to keep holding on to this negative emotion as I go through the rest of the day? Once youve allowed yourself to be totally immersed in the emotion and really fell it, you will be move to find that the emotion clears rather quickly. If you feel you need to hold on to the emotion for a little longer, that is OK. Allow yourself another minute to feel the emotion. When you feel youve had enough of the emotion, ask yourself if youre willing to carry that negativity with you for the rest of the day. If not, take a deep breath. As you exhale, release all that negativity with your breath. This exercise seems simplealmost too simple.But, it is very effective. By allowing that negative e motion the space to be truly felt, you are dealing with the emotion rather than stuffing it down and trying not to feel it. You are actually taking away the power of the emotion by giving it the space and attention it needs. When you immerse yourself in the emotion, and realize that it is only emotion, it loses its control. You can clear your head and proceed with your task. Try it. side by side(p) time youre in the middle of a negative emotion, give yourself the space to feel the emotion and see what happens.Keep a piece of piece of music with you that says the following Stop. Immerse for one minute. Do I want to keep this negativity? Breath deep, exhale, release. Move on This will remind you of the steps to the process. Remember take the time you need to really immerse yourself in the emotion. Then, when you feel youve felt it enough, release itreally let go of it. You will be surprised at how quickly you can move on from a negative situation and get to what you really want to do Be Happy Be Happy The days that make us happy make us wise.-John Masefield when I first read this line by Englands Poet Laureate, it startled me. What did Masefield mean? Without thinking about it much, I had always assumed that the opposite was true. But his sober assurance was arresting. I could not forget it. Finally, I seemed to grasp his meaning and realized that here was a profound observation. The wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in clear perception, not fogged by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind spots caused by fear. Active happinessnot mere satisfaction or contentment often comes suddenly, like an April shower or the unfolding of a bud. Then you discover what kind of wisdom has accompanied it. The grass is greener bird songs are sweeter the shortcomings of your friends are more understandable and more forgivable. gladness is like a pair of eyeglasses correcting your spiritual vision. Nor are the insights of happine ss limited to what is near around you. Unhappy, with your thoughts turned in upon your emotional woes, your vision is bear short as though by a wall. Happy, the wall crumbles. The long vista is there for the seeing. The ground at your feet, the world about you-people, thoughts, emotions, pressuresare now fitted into the larger scene. Everything assumes a fairer proportion. And here is the beginning of wisdom. The Goodness of life The Goodness of Life Though there is much to be concerned about, there is far, far more for which to be thankful. Though lifes duty can at times be overshadowed, it is never outweighed. For every single act that is mindlessly destructive, there are thousands more small, quiet acts of love, kindness and compassion.For every person who seeks to hurt, there are many, many more who devote their lives to helping and to healing. There is truth to life that cannot be denied. In the most magnificent vistas and in the smallest details, look closely, f or that goodness always comes shining through. There si no limit to the goodness of life. It grows more abundant with each new encounter. The more you experience and appreciate the goodness of life, the more there is to be lived. Even when the cold winds blow and the world seems to be cov ered in foggy shadows, the goodness of life lives on.Open your eyes, open your heart, and you will see that goodness is everywhere. Though the goodness of life seems at times to suffer setbacks, it always endures. For in the darkest moment it becomes vividly clear that life is a priceless treasure. And so the goodness of life is made even stronger by the very things that would oppose it. Time and time again when you feared it was gone forever you found that the goodness of life was really only a moment away. somewhat the next corner, inside every moment, the goodness of life is there to surprise and delight you. Take a moment to let the goodness of life touch your spirit and calm your tho ughts. Then, share your good fortune with another. For the goodness of life grows more and more magnificent each time it is given away. Though the problems incessantly scream for attention and the conflicts appear to rage ever stronger, the goodness of life grows stronger still, quietly, peacefully, with more purpose and meaning than ever before. Facing the Enemies indoors Facing the Enemies Within We are not born with courage, but neither are we born with fear.Maybe some of our fears are brought on by your own experiences, by what soulfulness has told you, by what youve read in the papers. Some fears are valid, like walking alone in a bad part of town at two oclock in the morning. But once you learn to avoid that situation, you wont need to live in fear of it. Fears, even the most basic ones, can totally destroy our ambitions. Fear can destroy fortunes. Fear can destroy relationships. Fear, if left unchecked, can destroy our lives. Fear is one of the many enemies lurkin g inside us. Let me tell you about five of the other enemies we face from within.The first confrontation that youve got to destroy before it destroys you is indifference. What a tragic malady this is Ho-hum, let it slide. Ill just drift along. Heres one problem with drifting you cant drift your way to the to of the mountain. The second enemy we face is indecision. Indecision is the thief of opportunity and enterprise. It will steal your chances for a better future. Take a sword to this enemy. The third enemy inside is doubt. Sure, theres room for healthy skepticism. You cant believe everything. But you also cant let doubt take over.Many people doubt the past, doubt the future, doubt each other, doubt the government, doubt the possibilities nad doubt the opportunities. Worse of all, they doubt themselves. Im telling you, doubt will destroy your life and your chances of success. It will empty both your bank account and your heart. Doubt is an enemy. Go after it. Get rid of it . The fourth enemy within is worry. Weve all got to worry some. Just dont let conquer you. Instead, let it alarm you. Worry can be useful. If you step off the take hold in New York City and a taxi is coming, youve.

McDonald’s and Hindu Culture Essay

McDonalds doing global business and their restaurants around the world. By 2003, the company had 30,000 restaurants in 121 countries.In the late 1990s, McDonalds entered in India. Although India is poor nation, there atomic number 18 150 to 200 billion prosperous middle class population was attracted McDonalds. However, there ar unique ch entirelyenges for McDonalds. For thousands of years, Indias Hindoo refining has revered the cow and do non eat the meat of the scared cow, also there are any(prenominal) 140 million Muslims in India, and Muslims dont eat pork.To respect and adapt Indian kitchen-gardening, McDonalds created an Indian version of burgers which are made from mouton and chicken. All foods are segregated vegetarian and nonvegetarian, due to many Hindus are vegetarians.Issue Statement.In 2001, three Indian businessmen living in Seattle are all vegetarians and two who were Hindus, they sued McDonalds for fraudulently concealing the existence of beef in McDonalds Fre nch fries Through some account between mackintosh and Indian people, finally Mac admitted that it used a minuscule amount of beef displume in the oil. McDonalds settled the suit for $10 million and issued an apology.However, news blaze abroad, Hindu nationalists onto the streets in Delhi, where they vandalized one McDonalds restaurant, causing $45,000 of damage shouted slogans outside of another picketed the companys headquarters and called on Indias prime minister to close McDonalds 27 stores in the country.McDonalds Indian franchise holders quickly issued denials that they used oil that contained beef extract, and Hindu extremists submit McDonalds oil to laboratory tests to see if they could detect beef extract.Problem Analysis and Justification* The main problem of the case is religion issue. Hindu culture has very strong belief because it has remained unbroken and largely unchanged for at least five thousand years. (http//www.atributetohinduism.com/Hindu_Culture.htmReligion) U sed the oil that contained beef extract is very serious matter for Hindus.* The case also involves the Mores of norm. Mores are norms that are seen as central to the functioning of a society and to its social life. (Charles W.L. Hill, 2005) There are many differences between cultures as to what is perceived as mores. In America, eat beef is widely accepted, but for Hindus that violate Divine Mother.* There is different culture between two countries. U.S is more individualism society against Hindu is more collectivism, so they walk together onto the street.* McDonalds should not give inconstant argument that oil contained beef extract. This will make people un-trust of the company.Conclusions and Recommendations.With above problems analysis, the company should have some solution. Firstly the company must understand how differences in culture affect the practice of the business. McDonalds knows Hindu do not eat beef and yet they still put beef extract in the oil, the curtilage may th e company didnt understand the Hindu culture clearly. Furthermore, the company can employ the local citizens to help them do business in contingent culture. These factors also give other foreign fast food and retail stores a lesson when they first time entrance India.Actually McDonalds can neutralise Hindu nationalists paraded onto street and damage of the restaurant by block the news, because the company has settled the suit for $10 million, they can asked the court to block the news.For my opinion, McDonalds not necessary go in very localizing taste. As McDonalds say nowadays young generation enjoyed the American experience, so this is an advantage of McDonalds doing American style but McDonalds must be on continual guard against the particular culture.List of References.Charles W.L. Hill (2005), International Business, 5th edn, McGraw-Hill, New York.David A. & Stephen P (2005), Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 8th edn, John Wiley & sons, Inc. NJ.Kotler & Armstrong (20 04), Principles of marketing, 10th edn, Pearson Education International, New Jersey.

King Arthur Literary Analysis Essay

The name poove Arthur appears throughout a countless nitty-gritty of literature, stories, cinema, and legend. King Arthur has always been a large-standing icon of heroism, and heroism is a theme mankind unsays pleasure in romanticizing. Arthurian Romance is the classic prototype of good versus evil, sawbucks in shining armor, forbidden love, and sorcery the funda handstal elements of a romanticized rehearsal. And in a Acheronian epoch where religion clashed, pudding rock candys fought in epic battles, and the people of Britain suffe ablaze(p) from penury and disease, Arthurian legend was needed to lift the spirits of the hopeless.Arthurian Romance is an accurate portrayal of the time period better kn profess as the Medieval Ages because it charters the woes and misfortunate events of that time and twists them into a heroic guck opera full of love, tragedy, and triumph. The Medieval Ages began around 476 AD, when the Roman emperor of the West abdicated. The period ends i n the later(a) fifteenth century with the disc everyplacey of the New World. During this period, different nations conquered and collapsed, society changed, and religion was further divided. During the warmness Ages, the divine Roman Empire had begun an effort to occupy Britain.They wanted to drive out the Anglo-Saxons and convert the Pagans to universality. A long lasting relic of Roman involvement in Britain is Hadrians W every, which was a heavily fortified be beleaguering running west to east and was probably used to keep barbarian tribes out and regulate treat and passage into Romano-Britain territory. Along with military involvement, Rome to a fault spread Catholicism to a Pagan Britain. Catholicism involves a hierarchy of religious leaders, with the Pope at the top. There argon also bishops, priests, monks, and nuns who are apart(predicate) of the clergy. opposite than the clergy, Medieval society was composed of nobles, knights and serfs.Nobles comm and knowledgeed fiefs, an estate of terra firma, and the serfs who worked in that location. Knights were employed to guard the fief and fight wars with former(a) nobles. This was c accuratelyed Feudalism. When nobles declared a war on each other, numerous different state of war tactics were used to take down castles. Siege warfare was common, in which scaling ladders, battering rams, siege towers and catapults were utilized in order to enter a fortress. Infantry included archers and cavalry, and there was a openhanded assortment of weapons used daggers, long swords, crossbows, throwing axes, clubs, maces, halberds, lances, and many more.While knights commonly fought for a noble or king, a group of fear draw close knights known as the Templar Knights fought in the crusades for religious con require. The Templar Knights are associated with King Arthurs seek for the Holy Grail, and some of the knights of the round table are portrayed wearing a large red cross on their breastplate (which is the symbol of the Templar Knights). Knights were also involved with jousting. Jousting was a martial game amid two knights mounted on horses and using lances. This was often part of a chivalrous tournament or used as a military tactic of heavily armed cavalry.Knights and nobles also were encompassed in urbane love, a conception of nobly and chivalrously expressing love and admiration. Courtly love often did not take place surrounded by a husband and wife. Instead, a man would shower another woman in gifts and symbols of his love to her and they would keep their topic secret. A famous example of courtly love is the affair between Lancelot du Lac and Queen Guinevere. The Middle Ages had many lows. Many people associate these times with the Black Plague or the Bubonic Plague. When the Mongols from the east attacked Europe, they brought with them a terrible disease that wiped out about 138 million people.Also during the Middle Ages, there was decrease in scholarly thinking and the qual ity of art. Religion is blamed for stunting the egress of new ideas and inventions. In fact, religion is the overlying cause for many of the events of the Medieval Ages. The greatest broil over religion was the East-West Schism that split Christianity into the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. This split was natural from disputes over whether the Pope could marry and iconoclasm (similar to worshipping false idols) and the use of local languages in church.They were even in dispute regarding the nature of God. The Crusades were another religious dispute. The Crusades were military campaigns undertaken by European Christians of the eleventh through the fourteenth centuries to take other the Holy Land and convert Muslims to Christianity. The First Crusade was a response to the Seljuk Turks stamp down the Holy Land (present-day Israel and Palestine). However, most of these conquests were failures and achieved nothing except for interactions with the Arab world (i n both beneficial and devastating ways). Lastly, there was the Inquisition.This was a formalized interrogation and persecution process of heretics (including satanic or witch-like behavior). Punishment for people suspected of unorthodoxy was torture and execution. The Church in the Middle Ages is clearly an influential factor of these times. The Medieval Ages also saw quite a bit of political changes. The Carolingian, launch by Charles Martel, ruled present-day France, Belgium, Germany and Northern Italy. His grandson, Charlemagne established the Holy Roman Empire. In the North, Vikings and other Scandinavian became notorious for raiding Roman Catholic monasteries.In France, Vikings were referred to as Normans. They conquered Anglo-Saxon England in 1066. As menti bingled before, Feudalism was the social, political, and economic system of the Middle Ages. England became a feudal society because there was not a unifying force bringing the people together. Many claims to the gage o f all Britain were made, which is authenticly the premise of the King Arthur legend. Nobles and Kings owned land and had armies of Knights who pledged a code of valor to them. This was an honor system that strongly condemned betrayal and promoted mutual respect.In the Feudal society, only viriles could inherit the land. The land was passed down through primogeniture (to the eldest son). Noblewomen had limited rights. They could sometimes inherit fiefs solely could not rule it. Noblewomen were only educated in domestic skills and were supposed to display feminine traits such as compassion and beauty. Peasants, male or female, had almost no rights. They couldnt leave the manor without the permission of their lord. Over time, serfs (peasants) developed skills other than farming and slowly created a middle class that led Europe into the Renaissance.In the long run, all of these characteristics of the Medieval Ages are incorporated in the vast collection of Arthurian Romance. In the 1 975 King Arthur take-off Monty Python and The Holy Grail, there is a scene that describes Arthur quite perfectly. In the scene, Arthur is traveling in a Feudal manor and comes across peasants working in a field outside of a castle. He quests a woman, I am Arthur, King of the Britons. Whose castle is that? The peasant woman looks up and asks, King of the who? Arthur repeats himself to which she replies, Who are the Britons? Arthur, stumped by her ignorance, testifys her, Well, we all are.Were all Britons and I am your king. The peasant woman shrugs and says, I didnt know we had a king. I thought we were an autonomous collective They argue about this for a twinkling and then the woman asked, Well, how did you arrive king then? Arthur dramatically respond with, The doll of the Lake, her arm fit out in the purest shimmering samite, held aloft Excalibur from the bosom of the water signifying by Divine Providence that I, Arthur, was to carry Excalibur. That is why I am your k ing Another peasant nearby shouts, Listen strange women lying in ponds distri onlying swords is no basis for a system of government.Supreme executive power derives from a mandate from the masses, not from some farcical aquatic ceremony The meaning of the scene is that at the time King Arthur was created as a legend to legitimize the unifying king of Britain that would pull the people out of the Dark Ages. The punch place is that the land was so divided from feudalism and nobles trying to claim a non-existent throne that no one existingly took anyone seriously. However, Arthurian Romance became the bedtime fiction born out of the fantastical notion that Britain could be unify into a strong empire.But lets start at the beginning of the Arthurian legend. In most legends, Uther Pendragon is portrayed as Arthurs father and Igraine as his mother. In Sir Thomas Malorys The coronate of King Arthur, the prophet merlin helps a love-stricken Uther get with Igraine for a night. Arthur is born, but part of the agreement with merlin was to have Arthur raised by another. Many historic period pass in which Arthur does not know his own nobility until he by chance, pulls the famous sword in the pit (the legend goes Who so Pulleth appear This Sword of this Stone and Anvil, is Rightwise King Born of all England. (Malory, 1069)).Young Arthur accepts his role as King and unites Britain, defeats the Saxons, and establishes Camelot. In the first fictional chronicle of Arthurs spirit-time (Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the kings of Britain) by Geoffrey of Monmouth), Arthur is placed into a post-Roman Britain. Geoffrey uses the same prevarication of Arthurs birth through the deception of Igraine. In this legend, Arthur also defeats the Saxons but he also expands his empire to Norway, Denmark and Gaul, and defeats Roman armies in order to do this. In the end, Arthur returns to Britain to defeat his nephew Modredus (Mordred) who was left in charge of Britain bu t betrayed Arthur.Arthur is mortally wounded, taken to Avalon and it is implied he passed away. Arthurian legend, however, is not only about Arthur. There are many huge characters in the stories. One widely known knight is Sir Lancelot du Lac. Lancelot is a tragic figure in Arthurian Romance. He was a Knight of the Round Table and one of King Arthurs appressed friends. His tragedy is that he was in love with Arthurs wife, Guinevere. Lancelot was the son of the King Ban on Benwick and Elaine, but he was raised by the Lady of the Lake (du lac actually means the lake). The Lady of the Lake sent Lancelot off to become a Knight of the Round Table.In doing so, he meets and instantly falls in love with Guinevere. Their affair ultimately proves to be destructive. Lancelot is actually tricked by Elaine of Corbenic and sleeps with her, thinking it is Guinevere. When Guinevere hears of this, she is repulsed and banishes Lancelot. Later, Lancelot returns to assist Arthur in the quest for the H oly Grail. Other characters in Arthurian legend are Merlin and Morgaine. Merlin is sometimes a prophet, sometimes a magician, and always an advisor to King Arthur. Merlins earliest character depiction was as a bard driven mad by the terrors of war, who become a man of the woods.However, Geoffrey of Monmouth based his Merlin on Myrddin Wyllt (a prophet and a madman) and Aurelius Ambrosius (a fictional version of the historical war leader Ambrosius Aurelianus. Morgaine (also Morgan le Fay) is a sorceress in Arthurian legend. She is the half-sister of Arthur and the daughter of Igraine. In both The Mists of Avalon (Marion Zimmer Bradley) and The Vulgate Cycle (13th century French prose) tell of how Morgaine roll in the hays in Avalon (mystical island in Arthurian legend) and trains under Merlin and the Lady of the Lake.Again in the Mists of Avalon, Morgaine is credited with having an inglorious affair with Arthur. She gives birth to Mordred, who, in the end, turns out to be the enemy and murderer of King Arthur. In Arthurian Romance, King Arthurs court is called Camelot. Camelot is where the Knights of the Round Table dwell and it is described as being a utopian land of beauty and peace. Throughout literature, Camelot has been located in many different areas of Britain, giving it no grounded location.An easy way to understand the basic ideology of Camelot, one can compare the presidency of toilet F.Kennedy to the term Camelot. His presidency was regarded as a guarantee for a successful future, just like King Arthur gave Britain hope and unification. Kennedys assassination is like the fall of Arthur in that both had short lasting but wonderful terms in power that set the bar high for the future. Ultimately, these characters and concepts stem from Medieval liveliness and paint a portrait of what the goals of Middle Age rulers wanted for society at the time. All Arthurian Romance contains the same specific elements enchantment, quest, conquest, heroic behavior, utopian society, fatal passion and love.These elements, applied with Medieval life and history, equals a solid Arthurian story. The best example of all of these elements is The Crowning of Arthur from Le Morte dArthur (Malory, 1065). In the story, Arthur is conceived through the enchantment Merlin uses on Igraine to trick her into thinking Uther Pendragon is her husband, the Duke. Uther, who is fatally in love with Igraine, makes a deal with Merlin in that he will give the child he and Igraine produce to the wizard. corrupt Arthur is taken away and grows up with Sir Ector, whom he grows to love as a father.The next part of the story is about the sword in the stone. In the story, many of the nobles tried to pull the sword out the stone (1069), but failed. When Arthur is sent to find Sir Kay (Ectors son) a sword, he unknowing grabs the legendary sword from the stone and tugs it free without any effort. When Arthur comes back with the famous sword, everyone is in awe and asks him to d emonstrate for them that he really pulled it. To their surprise, it is true. They ask Arthur to assume the role of king and he agrees, establishing the utopian court of Camelot.Le Morte dArthur is the carefully constructed legend of the rise and fall of a powerful kingdom a legendary kingdom, but perhaps also, obliquely, the real English kingdom which in Malorys day seemed as surely doomed by its own corruption as the ancient realm of King Arthur (Cliffs Notes). What this means is that Arthurs court reflects the realistic courts of actual kings because it eventually falls. The Crowning of Arthur seems naive in that a boy who just so happens to pull a sword from a stone makes him king. In the end, his kingdom falls. Crowning only sets it up.The outcome of the Arthurian romance is quite similar to the reality of kingdoms in England of the Middle Ages, which proves Arthurian Romance is an accurate portrayal. Another story from Le Morte dArthur is called Sir Launcelot du Lake. It is a hectic story about Lancelots adventure, kidnapping, and battles with enemy knights. In the story, Lancelot decides he is fed up with his ennui and decides to go out with his nephew, Sir Lyonel. Possibly due to enchantment, Lancelot declares, not for seven years have I felt so sleepy (1074) and he lies down for a nap.When he awakes, he realizes three women have kidnapped him. They tell him he has to pick one of them or face his doom. Lancelot picks his death because his is trustworthy to his lover, Guinevere. Later, the daughter of King Badgemagus rescues him and in return he gives his services to the king. At the end of the story, Lancelot fights off diverseness Badgemagus enemies. He displays incredible and fictitious strength when he took another spear and unhorsed sixteen more men King of North Galys knight and, with his next, unhorsed another twelve (1078).This story demonstrates chivalry and heroism, and exaggerates Lancelots abilities to fight. Literary connoisseur Charle s Moorman says much of the Morte dArthur is thus concerned with revealing the corrupt reality beneath the fair adventurous surface. However, Sir Launcelot du Lake contradicts that assumption by merely telling a simple story of a great knight who is loyal to his higher-up and to his lady. The story makes the knights of the Medieval Ages appear to bask in honor, goodness and strength. And in a way, they did in real life.Knights did have a strict code of chivalry as well as total loyalty to their nobles and their lovers. Again, this story gives merit to the fact Arthurian legend portrays Medieval society. The poem The Lady of Shalott by Alfred Lord Tennyson is loose depiction of Arthurian Legend. In the poem, a woman is cursed to live in a tower and watch the world of Camelot from a reflect. And moving through a mirror clear That hangs before her all the year Shadows of a world appear There she sees the highway near Winding down to Camelot (verses 46 through 50).Then one day she see s Sir Lancelot riding in all his beauty and loveliness, and she decides she wants to leave the tower. The Lady of Shalott left the web (109) and gets into a boat. Unfortunately, she dies and floats on down to Camelot. Muriel Mellown says she has chosen concern with Camelot, even at the price of her own destruction. This quote illustrates that Camelot seemed like such a perfect utopian world that everyone sought its perfection and illustriousness. However, the Lady of Shalott kicks the bucket, similar to the way Camelot eventually falls.All good things never last. Lastly, a more modern and feminist take of Arthurian legend is The Mists of Avalon by Marion Zimmer Bradley. In Mists, the story of Arthur is told through the worlds of Morgaine, Arthurs half-sister. In the excerpt read in class, Morgaine and Arthur are children neglected by their parents. Morgaine realizes her role to be Arthurs protector, even though she feels disdain towards the child at first. When she says, Mothers g one, shes with the king, but Ill take care of you, brother, (1085), Morgaine displays a bond of love towards her little brother.Morgaine is also depicted as a strong feminine character in both this scene and the entire story. Although this book wasnt so much a retelling of the Arthurian legend but only a bunch of Arthurian characters sitting around arguing about Christianity and Paganism, (LaShawn), Morgaines depiction as a powerful, savvy woman shows her to be the type of woman the feminists would champion as a prime example of what women should aspire to be, in spite of the biases still in place against them (Ellis).Mists shines a new light and a new perspective on the events of the Medieval Ages, specifically the disputes of religion. It also represents how women did have influence over what happened in the kingdoms. In real life, noblewomen did have influence over the decisions their husbands made, though not legally. The Mists of Avalon yet again portrays a factor of the Mediev al Ages. When push comes to shove, Arthurian Romance generally is regarded as a tall tale of a lost era.However, the tales depict a clear portrait of Medieval Life. Tragedy, honor, fatal passion and quest all dwell in the Middle Ages and Arthurian Romance. The characters of Arthurian Romance experience the tragedy of life like real life people and Camelot ends up failing, just like many of the empires and kingdoms of the world. The stories represent the dark times of the Medieval Ages and show that nothing is perfect. Therefore, Arthurian Romance is an accurate portrayal of the Medieval Ages.

End of Life Issues Essay

Euthanasia means redeeming(prenominal) death but right a way of life the term is deemed as a merciful motion to rid some cardinal of injury. In m all cases we admit seen terminally ill patients euthanized progressive or passive, yet for the sake of my essay I will discuss active euthanasia. End of lifespan issues is a topic many families be faced with everyday more than unmatchable likes to recollect however, imagine that you were a significant other who has a loved star in the hospital suffering from a terminal illness and their pain is unbearable that your loved cardinal has decided to closing his life and the subject of euthanasia comes up. What would you do? The first thought that would come to mind is that this is morally molest and unacceptable in our society. I will talk about euthanasia and how three ethical theories presented in this course would best(p) help answer your question of euthanasia being morally wrong. The moral theory of Immanuel Kants Deontolo gy helps ethically with the views of euthanasia and the strengths and weakness of egoism and Utilitarianism will also be presented. This is where the deontological approach might help a family understand that its morally acceptable to comfort their loved one as he or she accepts active euthanasia as a means to check their life.Deontology argues that an action is overcompensate or wrong in it egotism irrespective of the consequences and it is our duty our good will as Kant puts it to do the right liaison. I imply the question what determines that right thing. Might it be religion and the word of god for those that believe in beau ideal or might it be for you several universal joint principles. Kants categorical says to Act in much(prenominal) a way that you insure humanity, whether in your take person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end and never merely as a means to an end. In other words, all pluralityincluding youdeserve respect. It would alw ays be wrong to overcompensate people as objects, or as a way of achieving some goal, or in some other way that does not show respect. (Kant 1997, 1998)that we treat people as ends in themselves and not means to our ends.In other words we must respect the wishes of the patient. The strengths of Deontology as it relates to euthanasia is that the deontology argument is based on regulatings and an action is good if it follows the rule. The results doesnt matter the only thing that matters is that we treat others with respect and love for that is something we should want for ourselves. The right to choose euthanasia is a right in its own and to also appeal to some inherent laws when you say that a person should be able to choose whether they live or ease up. These argon twain rules. Your argument is that euthanasia is consistent with these rules and is therefore ethical. This is a deontological argument. Although, Kant held that if one commits suicide beca purpose one believes tha t the remainder of ones life will be filled with more discomfort than pleasure, then one fails to treat oneself as an end and so long as one retains the capacities that would make you a person than one should always respect that life. Critics of deontology stated that the Kantian version seems too sterile and fails to capture some of the composite plant issues that arise when we confront ethical capers in real life (moser, 2013). The weakness to my argument as it relates to deontology and euthanasia is that taking your own life will not be morally acceptable in todays society. With that being said, Kant did not believe in the outcome of an action or whether or not its ethical. When considering euthanasia, then, Kant will not be interested in the level of suffering of the patient or relatives. He would not agree that we should do the loving thing. He would work out what the right thing to do was.With Kants categorical imperative Kant assumes that being a moral person is a emergenc y and Universalizing the maxim I helping a love one to die would give a universal law that everyone should be helped to die a self-contradiction. If you took the maxim I should help that love one, who is terminally ill, suffering unbearably and desperate to die, to die you might create a more acceptable universal rule such as Anyone who is terminally and incurably ill, suffering greatly and has freely chosen to die, should be helped to die( rsrevision ). Also, some may say that deontology may require one to act in a way that seems obviously wrong and unethical. The deontologist maintains that some or all actions are right or wrong in themselves because of the type of action they are whether or not they produce the greater good.This type of view is little easy to systematize than the Consequentiality view. The second ethical theory The Egoist believes that the right action is always that which has the best consequences for the doer of the action, or agent. As with Utilitarianism, t here are different versions of this doctrine consort to whether the good consequences are seen in terms of maximum pleasure, minimum pain (Hedonistic self-concern) or in terms of other good consequences for the agent, such as his or her self- development or flourishing. At first sight, Hedonistic Egoism seems to enjoin a life spent trampling on anyone who gets in ones way, and so to be ruled out as contrary to everything that is normally thought of as right. just ever since Plato philosophers have realized that in general human beings cannot maximize pleasure in that way.Most people are not strong enough to do this with impunity, and in any case most people enquire friendship and cooperation with others for their own happiness. So Hedonistic Egoism cannot be dismissed quite so hastily. However, occasion would arise where Hedonistic Egoism, like Hedonistic Utilitarianism, demands ruthless action. For example, it would prescribe involuntary euthanasia to a posit or economic aidg iver who would gain a good deal from someones death, did not care enough about the victim to miss him personally and could conceal his deed from anyone who did. Such people, if rational, would not even feel guilty, for they would by their creed have done the right thing. A doctrine which prescribes this, even if on rare occasions, is too much at variance with our ordinary ideas of morality to be persuasive. However, Higher Egoism is another matter. For example, Aristotles doctrine is that the right policy in life is not to pursue our own pleasure but to develop our own flourishing or foster our best selves. And the best self is a non-egoistic self, who cultivates the kind of friendship in which friends are second selves and possesses all the moral virtues, including other-regarding ones such as generosity and justice. This kind of Egoism, instead of telling us always to pursue our own public assistance, in a sense breaks down the distinction between self and others we could not rea dily criticize it on the foundation that it was obviously at variance with our ordinary moral views. On the other hand, it is not much use as a guide to action. We first need to know what kinds of action are virtuous in order to cultivate the virtues Aristotle speaks of.The appeal of the Aristotelian approach today is not as a guide, but as a generalframework in which one may set the moral life, and thus all aspects of life. Aristotle thinks we cannot but pursue our own good as we see it, and perhaps he is right. But he aims to win us to a noble view of that good, in which our own true welfare is to be the best we can be. He lays stress on the distinctive nature of man and on the best life as one in which rational faculties are well exercised. The idea of a death with dignity, one in which these values are preserved, fits well with his outlook (Dr. Elizabeth Telfer, 2013). Johns Stuart milling machinery Utilitarianism is my third ethical theory that will be discussed here in our focus of euthanasia and whether or not its morally acceptable. One would consider when making a decision about euthanasia for an ill family member that according to Mill The utilitarian doctrine is, that happiness is desirable, and the only thing desirable, as an end all other things being only desirable as means to that end. My interpretation is that in other words, we are to treat others and ourselves as a means to an end, and it would be immoral to use people and ourselves as a mere means. Happiness is something that can be experienced so far as we understand when we are alive. Mill also states that there is in reality nothing desired turf out happiness.Whatever is desired otherwise than as a means to some end beyond itself, and in the long run to happiness, is desired as itself a part of happiness, and is not desired for itself until it has become so.Utilitarianism seeks to find an answer to why people behave the way that they do, and according to Mill our actions derive from the pursuit of happiness. I would argue that according to utilitarianism that one does not commit suicide in order to seek happiness as an end. In conclusion, no one wants to be put in a situation where a loved one whos terminally ill and is in unthinkable pain and therefore, has to makes up his or her mind to end their life through active euthanasia. I used deontology because the approach is very popular form of problem solving in ethical situations and egoism but Utilitarianism because it would give me comfort to know that Im making the right decision morally for the patient and for selfish reasons. The three ethical theories are cause and easy to understand and frequently non ambiguous however, right or wrong whether or not end of life decisions will be debated if not its morally accepted. I hope after analyzing these theories that Im able to give comfort to someone that has to consider euthanasia for a loved one but Im quite sure the debate will continue untilas a society we c ome to accept that your life is your life and yours to do what you wish with it.